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  • 13:41, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+549). . N Institute for Cultural Diplomacy (ICD)(Created page with "An international NGO based in Berlin. Founded by Mark Donfried, Rosie and Riman Vilnius in 1999, the ICD aims to promote global peace and stability by strengthening and suppor...")
  • 13:36, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+751). . N Institut du Monde Arabe (The Arab World Institute)(Created page with "An institute founded in Paris in 1980 by 18 Arab countries and France. Institute du Monde Arabe aims to facilitate research and distribute information about the Arab world, it...")
  • 13:35, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+668). . N Input-Output Analysis(Created page with "Input-output analysis is an economic model that represents how different branches of a national economy or different regional economies are interconnected. It was developed by...")
  • 13:33, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+449). . N Infotainment(Created page with "A neologism which refers to the media tendency to merge information with entertainment. The term was first conceived with a negative connotation as the “seriousness” of jo...")
  • 13:33, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+528). . N Information Revolution(Created page with "Term describing current economic, social and technological trends in the post-industrial era as result of the development of Information and Communication Technologies. In the...")
  • 13:33, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+413). . N Information & Communication Technology (ICT)(Created page with "The term describes the convergence of audiovisual, telephone and computer networks to a single system. With an exponential expansion of its capacity in the past two decades, t...")
  • 13:32, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+925). . N Industrialization(Created page with "A process of technological, economic and social transformation which coincides with transition from an agriculture-based to an industry-based economy. Industrialization is a c...")
  • 13:32, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+769). . N Indigenous & Traditional Knowledge(Created page with "According to Article 31 of the UN Declaration on the rights of Indigenous Peoples, indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural h...")
  • 13:31, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+676). . N Identity Politics(Created page with "The phrase “identity politics” came into being in the second half of the twentieth century. The term can be found in a vast body of literature relating to feminism, post c...")
  • 13:30, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+516). . N Identity as a Social Construction(Created page with "The idea that human identities are shaped by the social norms, values, language, and structures of a particular society. The notion is centered on the belief that as humans, w...")
  • 13:29, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+779). . N Jihad(Created page with "According to the Quran and Hadith, all Muslims have the religious duty to defend their Islamic faith, a duty which can be fulfilled in four ways - by the heart, tongue, hand o...")
  • 13:28, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+623). . N Jazz Ambassadors(Created page with "Professional Jazz musicians who were sent on diplomatic missions by the United States State Department, throughout the cold war period. The scope of such missions was to promo...")
  • 13:28, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+406). . N Japan Foundation (Dictionary)(Created page with "Founded in 1972, the Japan Foundation focuses on cultural exchange in Japan and aims to promote Japanese culture around the world. The foundation is involved in three areas: a...")
  • 13:26, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+1,010). . N Kristallnacht(Created page with "Also known as the ‘Night of Broken Glass’, Kristallnacht occurred throughout Nazi Germany from the 9th-10th of November 1938, and was a set of coordinated attacks by the S...")
  • 13:25, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+710). . N Knowledge Economy(Created page with "In a knowledge- based economy, society’s resources are largely channeled toward innovation and the creation of knowledge. Given recent technological advances and the develop...")
  • 13:24, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+783). . N Kissinger, Henry(Created page with "=== Kissinger, Henry (May 27, 1923 - ) === Dr. Henry Kissinger is a Nobel Peace Prize winner and former National Security Adviser and Secretary of State in the Nixon and Ford ...")
  • 13:23, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+488). . N Kirsch, Philippe(Created page with "=== Kirsch, Philippe (April 1, 1947-) === Philippe Kirsch is a Canadian lawyer who served as a judge of the International Criminal Court from 2003-2009 and was the Court’s ...")
  • 13:22, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+934). . N Keohane, Robert(Created page with "=== Keohane, Robert (October 3, 1941 -) === An American academic who gained immense popularity for his book, ''After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the world Political ...")
  • 13:21, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+554). . N Luckmann, Thomas(Created page with "=== Thomas Luckmann (October 14, 1927 -) === German sociologist, best known for his contributions to the field of sociology, particularly in relation to communication, knowle...")
  • 13:20, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+491). . N Low Culture(Created page with "The concept of low culture refers to entertainment or art that may be less sophisticated or avant-garde than forms of art that are considered richer in artistic value, or as h...")
  • 13:19, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+561). . N Littoral(Created page with "The littoral zone is the part of a water mass, ocean, river, or sea that is close to the shore. There are varying definitions of the littoral zone depending on the type of wat...")
  • 13:19, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+878). . N Lisbon Treaty(Created page with "A legally binding agreement signed by all EU member states in 2007, which amended the two previous treaties constituting the legal framework of the European Union, those being...")
  • 13:18, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+711). . N Lingua Franca(Created page with "A language used to make communication possible between individuals or groups who do not share a mother tongue or common language. Traditionally established to facilitate trade...")
  • 13:17, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+884). . N Lévi-Strauss, Claude(Created page with "=== Claude Lévi-Strauss (November 28, 1908 - October 30, 2009) === An internationally recognized French anthropologist and ethnologist, who is often cited as the “father o...")
  • 13:16, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+364). . N Levant(Created page with "The eastern Mediterranean area now covered by Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, Cyprus, southern Turkey, northwestern Iraq and the Sinai Peninsula. Archaeologists an...") (current)
  • 13:15, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+415). . N Leitkultur (Core Culture)(Created page with "Politically controversial term originally associated with German-Arab socialist Bassam Tibi, although now often linked with the contemporary political debate on national ident...")
  • 13:14, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (-2). . Leipzig Book Fair
  • 13:14, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+456). . N Leipzig Book Fair(Created page with "The Leipzig Book Fair is the second largest book fair in Germany after the Frankfurt Book Fair. The Fair is held over four days at the Leipzig Trade Fair Ground, and is often ...")
  • 13:12, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+828). . N Landry, Charles(Created page with "=== Landry, Charles (1948-) === Charles Landry coined the term ‘the creative city’ in the late 1980s. He has placed great emphasis on the need for cities to adapt to urban...")
  • 13:11, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+681). . N Land Erosion(Created page with "Land erosion is the process by which land – for example, rocks or sand – are picked up by processes such as wind or water flows and deposited in another place. While land ...")
  • 13:11, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (-75). . Category:The Cultural Diplomacy Dictionary
  • 13:10, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+75). . Category:The Cultural Diplomacy Dictionary
  • 13:09, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+466). . N Land Cover(Created page with "Land cover is a broad term used to describe all physical matter that covers the Earth’s surface, including natural as well as man-made substances. Grass, forest, asphalt, wa...")
  • 13:09, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+622). . N Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)(Created page with "The notion of mutually assured destruction (MAD) refers to a national security policy whereby two opposing countries using weapons of mass destruction against each other would...")
  • 13:08, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+789). . N Multipolarization(Created page with "Describes the changing global trend in international relations. As countries become more interdependent, both politically and economically, it becomes difficult for world powe...")
  • 13:06, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+147). . N Multiplier Coefficients(Created page with "A multiplier co-efficient is a multiplier of a variable or expression, usually depicted as a number. Category:The Cultural Diplomacy Dictionary") (current)
  • 13:05, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+710). . N Multilateralism(Created page with "Multilateralism is characterized by multiple countries cooperating on an issue. Some international organizations operate multilaterally, including the United Nations. Regional...")
  • 13:04, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+611). . N Multiculturalism(Created page with "A particular social condition of racial, ethnic, religious or cultural diversity resulting from immigration. This societal vision aims to treat all members of a society as equ...")
  • 13:03, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+548). . N Moreno Ocampo, Luis(Created page with "=== Moreno Ocampo, Luis (June 4, 1952 -) === Luis Moreno Ocampo is an Argentine lawyer and the first prosecutor of the International Criminal Court. He is known for his effor...")
  • 13:02, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+34). . Monnet, Jean
  • 13:02, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+263). . N Monnet, Jean(Created page with "French political scientist and diplomat thought of as Father of the European Union and one of its founding fathers. He helped create the European Coal and Steel Community in 1...")
  • 13:01, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+686). . N Modernization Theory(Created page with "Used to analyze and explain the process of modernization in societies. Modernization theory attempts to identify the variables which have led to socioeconomic progress in soci...")
  • 13:00, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+701). . N Millennium Development Goals, The (MDG)(Created page with "A United Nations agenda outlining development targets aimed at tackling extreme poverty to be achieved by 2015. There are eight Millennium Development Goals in total: eradicat...")
  • 13:00, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+692). . N Migration (Human)(Created page with "Human migration refers to the movement of people from one area to another. Human migration can occur nationally or internationally, can be voluntary or involuntary, in small o...")
  • 12:59, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+890). . N Microenterprise(Created page with "An enterprise qualifies as a microenterprise in the US if it is registered as having five or fewer employees and requires a seed capital of not more than $35,000. In Australia...")
  • 12:58, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+812). . N Melting Pot(Created page with "In cultural anthropology, the metaphor of the melting pot is used to describe a society in which the mixing of heterogeneous peoples leads to a common culture; that is to say,...")
  • 12:57, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+965). . N Mediterranean Action Plan (MAP)(Created page with "The Mediterranean Action Plan (MAP) was adopted in 1975 by 16 Mediterranean countries and the European Community under the framework of the United Nations Environment Program ...")
  • 12:57, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+941). . N Mediation in Conflict Resolution(Created page with "Usually defined as the use of an impartial third party to facilitate direct negotiations, with the key aim of achieving peace through conflict resolution. The traditional outs...")
  • 12:04, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+839). . N Mearsheimer, John(Created page with "=== Mearsheimer, John (December 1947 -) === A renowned international relations theorist and proponent of the neorealist school of thought. Mearsheimer is best known for his bo...")
  • 12:03, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+455). . N Master Kong(Created page with "=== Master Kong (551 BC-479 BC) === Literal translation of ‘Confucius’. Confucius was a prominent Chinese philosopher and educator, who developed one of the main foundatio...")
  • 12:02, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+709). . N Mass Tourism(Created page with "When large amounts of people visit a special destination on a frequent basis. Mallorca, Pattaya, and Cancun are commonly regarded as destinations with a high influx of tourist...")
  • 12:01, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+562). . N Mass Media(Created page with "Term covering a range of media technologies that are used to reach large audiences. The different forms include broadcast media, print media, digital media, internet media, an...")
  • 12:00, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+534). . N Marxist Theory(Created page with "The Marxist theory of international relations, rather than focusing on conflict or cooperation between states as realism and liberalism do, focuses on economic aspects. Marxis...")
  • 12:00, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+717). . N Marshall Plan(Created page with "The Marshall Plan, officially the European Recovery Programme, was an American financial aid plan whereby the United States gave economic support to European states after the ...")
  • 11:59, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+478). . N Market Fundamentalism(Created page with "Market Fundamentalism is a derogatory term referring to the absolute belief in the capability of free market economies to solve economic problems without outside interference....")
  • 11:59, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+343). . N Marine Reserve(Created page with "A marine reserve is a coastal area that has been protected by law to avoid the further depletion of the coastline or fishing in many regions. Politically, these reserves are i...")
  • 11:56, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+820). . N Marine Pollution(Created page with "Marine pollution takes place with chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms producing effects when relea...")
  • 11:53, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+788). . N Mansel, Philip(Created page with "=== Mansel, Philip (1951-) === A British historian of France, the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East. Phillip Mansel has published eleven books of history and biography and ha...")
  • 11:53, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+1,314). . N Mandela, Nelson(Created page with "=== Mandela, Nelson (July 18, 1918 - December 5, 2013) === Nelson Mandela, born in South Africa, is an anti- apartheid revolutionary politician who served as President of Sout...")
  • 11:51, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+554). . N Malta Conference(Created page with "The Malta Conference was held from January 30th to February 3rd 1945 and was attended by the President of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister W...")
  • 11:49, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+810). . N Madame Bensouda(Created page with "Madame Fatou Bensouda is a Gambian lawyer who is currently serving as the International Criminal Court’s (ICC’s) chief prosecutor. Her international legal career began wit...")
  • 11:49, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+397). . N Nye, Joseph(Created page with "=== Nye, Joseph (January 19, 1937- ) === American political scientist, best known for his contributions to the theory of neoliberalism. He is currently a professor at Harvard ...")
  • 11:47, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+783). . N Nuremberg Trials(Created page with "The Nuremberg Trials were a series of International Military Tribunals held by the Allied forces after World War II. The Trials were held in order to try over 20 prominent mem...")
  • 11:45, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+896). . N Nuclear Proliferation(Created page with "The dissemination of nuclear weapons, nuclear technology and information to nations not recognized as “Nuclear Weapon States” under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NP...")
  • 11:44, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+594). . N North, Douglass(Created page with "=== North, Douglass (May 11, 1920- ) === American economist best known for his work in the field of economic history and the economics of institutions. He received the 1993 N...")
  • 11:43, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+900). . N North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)(Created page with "Founded in 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a political and military alliance of 28 North American and European countries that are committed to the princ...")
  • 11:42, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+1,118). . N Norms(Created page with "Customary rules in fluencing behavior and perceptions and forming the basis of collective expectations. Norms act as guidelines to which people, communities, states, etc. are ...")
  • 11:41, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+679). . N Nordpolitik(Created page with "Nordpolitik is a term used to describe South Korea’s efforts to reach out to North Korea, officially beginning in 1988. It was an attempt to normalize relations between the ...")
  • 11:39, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+412). . N Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)(Created page with "The concept of NGOs was developed by the United Nations and refers to organizations created independently of governments working on a not-for-profit basis. An NGO’s decision...")
  • 11:38, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+818). . N Non-Aggression Pact(Created page with "National treaty between two or more countries or states for the avoidance of armed conflicts and the resolution of conflicts in a peaceful manner. It is acceptable for the pac...")
  • 11:36, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+618). . N Nobel Peace Prize(Created page with "The highly prestigious Novel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes set up after instructions left in the will of Alfred Nobel, the Swedish scientist who invented dynamit...")
  • 11:31, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+652). . N Nixon, Richard(Created page with "=== Nixon, Richard (January 9, 1913 - April 22, 1994) === Niche tourism focuses on areas of interest that are attractive to a relatively small number of people, therefore bein...")
  • 11:30, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+594). . N Niche Tourism(Created page with "Niche tourism focuses on areas of interest that are attractive to a relatively small number of people, therefore being able to maintain its uniqueness. Niche tourism includes ...")
  • 11:29, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+589). . N New School of Cultural Diplomacy(Created page with "An innovative academic and applied approach to the analysis of practices of Cultural Diplomacy. This vision implies broader participation by different agents through a larger ...")
  • 11:29, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+481). . N Networks(Created page with "Systems facilitating the exchange of information and services between individuals and/or groups, which share a mutual interest. Networks may take many forms, from face-to- fac...")
  • 11:28, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+755). . N Neorealism (International Relations)(Created page with "Neorealism or Structural Realism was first outlined by Kenneth Waltz in Theory of International Politics (1979), in which Waltz argues in favour of a systematic approach to In...")
  • 11:26, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+697). . N Negative Peace(Created page with "In opposition to positive peace, negative peace only promotes a lack of violence and doesn’t involve certain peaceful social and cultural laws, norms, and habits essential f...")
  • 11:21, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+811). . N Nationalism(Created page with "A nation can be distinguished from a state by the fact that a nation is often considered an ethnic or cultural community, whereas a state is considered a political entity. The...")
  • 11:20, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+506). . N National Security(Created page with "Refers to the safety of a nation and its people and institutions from external threat. This may comprise of military threat, terrorism and espionage. National security policie...")
  • 11:18, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+871). . N National Parks(Created page with "A national park is an area of land reserved for conservation purposes. Individual nations can designate their national parks as they like, but it is usually done with the expr...")
  • 11:18, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+603). . N Nation Branding(Created page with "Practice of cultural and public diplomacy which aims to shape the image of a country, both externally and domestically, in order to attract tourism receipts, investment capita...")
  • 11:16, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+847). . N Otherness(Created page with "The concept is used in the social sciences to determine how and why societies and groups exclude others whom they wish to subordinate or believe that they do not fit into thei...")
  • 11:14, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+449). . N Ostrom, Elinor(Created page with "=== Ostrom, Elinor (August 7, 1933- June 12, 2012) === American political economist involved with the work for new institutional economics and the resurgence of political eco...")
  • 11:14, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+405). . N Ostpolitik(Created page with "Ostpolitik refers to the normalization of relations between the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and Eastern Europe, particularly the German Democratic Republic (Eas...")
  • 11:13, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+690). . N Oslo Peace Accords(Created page with "The Oslo Accords, officially the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements or Declaration of Principles (DOP), signed in 1993, were an attempt to set u...")
  • 11:11, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+453). . N Orientalism(Created page with "A term coined by Edward Said, referring to the ideas of the Middle Eastern and East Asian cultures held by Americans and Europeans. The term criticizes the division between ...")
  • 11:10, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+589). . N Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)(Created page with "Founded in 1961, the OECD is an international economic organization aimed at promoting the economic and social well-being of countries around the world. The OECD consists of 3...")
  • 11:09, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+667). . N One-World Culture(Created page with "Theory related to the phenomenon of globalization, whereby the increasing interconnectedness of the modern world will lead to a homogenization of the different cultural aspect...")
  • 11:08, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+1,182). . N Olympic Games(Created page with "The Olympic Games is the world’s leading sporting event, held every four years in different locations across the globe. Thousands of athletes, from over 200 nations, partici...")
  • 11:03, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+1,193). . N Obama, Barack(Created page with "== Obama, Barack (August 4, 1961- ) == The 44th and current President of the United States of America. Barack Obama assumed office on January 20, 2009, and was elected for a s...")
  • 11:00, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+757). . N Putin, Vladimir(Created page with "=== Putin, Vladimir (October 7, 1952 -) === Vladimir Putin served as President of Russia from 2000-2008 and was reinstated in 2012, serving as Prime Minister for the period be...")
  • 10:53, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+727). . N Pussy Riot(Created page with "Pussy Riot is a Russian feminist punk-rock collective founded in February 2011 and based in Moscow that stages unauthorized, provocative guerilla performances in unusual locat...")
  • 10:51, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+504). . N Public Diplomacy(Created page with "Public Diplomacy is the term given to the influence of public attitudes on the formation and execution of foreign policies. Reaching beyond traditional diplomacy, Public Diplo...")
  • 10:50, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+452). . N Psychological Warfare(Created page with "Psychological Warfare (PSYWAR) is one of the basic aspects of modern psychological operations (PSYOPS) and refers to the use of various techniques aimed at influencing a targe...")
  • 10:49, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+723). . N Propaganda(Created page with "A communication tool employed in order to influence the perceptions or beliefs of an individual or a group of people by presenting a one-sided argument. As propaganda is based...")
  • 10:48, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (-14). . Main Page
  • 10:39, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+14). . Main Page
  • 10:26, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (-1). . Main Page
  • 10:22, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (0). . Main Page
  • 10:21, 26 March 2014 (diff | hist) . . (+1,041). . JKgroundforplay

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